Pediatric Neurology
Volume 26, Issue 3 , Pages 186-191 , March 2002

Neuropsychologic and motor function in small-for-gestation preschoolers

  • Kristian Sommerfelt, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, University of Bergen, Norway
    • Corresponding Author InformationCommunications should be addressed to: Dr. Sommerfelt; Department of Pediatrics; Barneklinikken, 5021 Haukeland Sykehus; Norway
  • ,
  • Karin Sonnander

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry Ulleråker, University of Uppsala, Sweden
  • ,
  • Jon Skranes, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, University of Trondheim, Norway
  • ,
  • Helle W Andersson, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, University of Trondheim, Norway
  • ,
  • Gunnar Ahlsten, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, University of Uppsala, Sweden
  • ,
  • Bjørn Ellertsen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
  • ,
  • Trond Markestad, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, University of Bergen, Norway
  • ,
  • Geir Jacobsen, MD

      Affiliations

    • National Institutes of Health, 1 Epidemiology, Statistics and Data System Branch, NIDCD, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
  • ,
  • Howard J Hoffman, BS

      Affiliations

    • National Institutes of Health, 1 Epidemiology, Statistics and Data System Branch, NIDCD, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
  • ,
  • Leiv S Bakketeig, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Community Medicine and General Practice, University of Trondheim, Norway

Received 9 January 2001 ,Accepted 3 October 2001.

References 

  1. Breart G, Poisson SAS. Intrauterine growth retardation and mental handicap (epidemiological evidence). Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 1988;2:91–100
  2. Sommerfelt K, Andersson HW, Sonnander K, et al.  Cognitive development of term small for gestational age children at five years of age. Arch Dis Child. 2000;83:25–30
  3. Sommerfelt K, Ellertsen B, Markestad T. Low birthweight and neuromotor development (A population based, controlled study). Acta Paediatrica. 1996;85:604–610
  4. Low JA, Galbraith RS, Muir D, Killen H, Pater B, Karchmar J. Intrauterine growth retardation (A study of long term morbidity). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1982;142:670–677
  5. Neligan GA, Kolvin I, Scott DM, Garside RT. Born too soon or born too small (A followup study to seven years of age). Clinics in developmental medicine, No 61. London (William Heinemann Medical Books). Spastics International Medical Publications; 1976;
  6. Markestad T, Vik T, Ahlsten G, et al.  Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants born at term (growth and development during the first year of life). Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1997;165:93–101
  7. Vik T, Vatten L, Markestad T, Ahlsten G, Jacobsen G, Bakketeig LS. Morbidity during the first year of life in small for gestational age infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal-Neonatal Ed. 1996;75:33–37
  8. Vik T, Markestad T, Ahlsten G, et al.  Body proportions and early neonatal morbidity in small-for-gestational-age infants of successive births. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1997;165:76–81
  9. Bakketeig LS, Jacobsen G, Hoffman JH, et al.  Pre-pregnancy risk factors of small-for-gestational age births among parous women in Scandinavia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1993;72:273–279
  10. Ounsted M, Moar VA, Scott A. Children of deviant birthweight (the influence of genetic and other factors on size at seven years). Acta Paediatr Scand. 1985;74:707–712
  11. Bjerkedal T, Skjaerven R. Percentiles of birth weight and crown-heel length in relation to gestation period for single live births. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1980;100:1088–1091
  12. Bakketeig LS, Magnus P. Small for gestational age (SGA) definitions and associated risks. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 1992;8(Supp 1):139–146
  13. Wechsler D. WPPSI-R, Manual. The Psychological Corporation; 1989;
  14. Gjessing HJ, Nygaard HD. Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities. Norwegian Edition. Bergen, Norway: Universitetsforlaget Seksjon for Skolepsykologi, NPF; 1975;
  15. Miller LJ. Miller Assessment for Preschoolers. Littleton, CO: The Foundation for Knowledge in Development; 1982;
  16. Folio MR, Fewell RR. Peabody Developmental Motor Scales and Activity Cards. Manual. Allen: DLM Teaching Resources; 1983;
  17. Derogatis LR. The SCL-90-R (Administration, Scoring and Procedures). Manual I. Baltimore: Clinical Psychometric Research; 1977;
  18. Raven JC. Progressive Matrices. London: H.K Lewis; 1965;
  19. Greenberg MT, Crnic KA. Longitudinal predictors of developmental status and social interaction in premature and full-term infants at age two. Child Dev. 1988;59:554–570
  20. Block JH. The Child-Rearing Practices Report (CRPR) (A set of Q-items for the description of parental socialization, attitudes and values). Berkeley: University of California, Institute of Human Development; 1965;
  21. Sommerfelt K, Ellertsen B, Markestad T. Parental factors in cognitive outcome of non-handicapped low birthweight infants. Arch Dis Child. 1995;73:135–142
  22. SPSS . SPSS for Windows (Base System User’s Guide, Release 6). Chicago: SPSS Inc; 1993;
  23. Sommerfelt K, Ellertsen B, Markestad T. Neuropsychological performance in low birthweight preschoolers (A population-based, controlled study). Eur J Pediatr. 1998;157:53–58
  24. Klein NK, Hack M, Gallagher J, Fanaroff AA. Preschool performance of children with normal intelligence who were very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 1985;75:531–537
  25. Roussounis SH, Hubley PA, Dear PR. Five-year follow-up of very low birthweight infants (Neurological and psychological outcome). Child Care Health Dev. 1993;19:45–59
  26. Pryor JE. Physical and developmental status of preschool small for gestational age children (A comparative study). J Paediatr Child Health. 1992;28:162–167
  27. Pennington BF, Doorninck WJ, McCabe LL, McCabe E. Neuropsychological deficits in early treated phenylketonuric children. Am J Mental Defic. 1985;5:467–474
  28. Donders J, Rourke BP, Canady AI. Neuropsychological functioning of hydrocephalic children. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1991;13:607–613
  29. Kramer MS. Determinants of low birth weight (Methodological assessment and meta-analysis). Bull WHO. 1987;65:663–737
  30. Grantham , McGregor SM. Small for gestational age, term babies, in the first six years of life. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998;52(Suppl 1):59–64

PII: S0887-8994(01)00381-2

Pediatric Neurology
Volume 26, Issue 3 , Pages 186-191 , March 2002