Pediatric Neurology
Volume 28, Issue 1 , Pages 28-36 , January 2003

Analysis of photo-pattern sensitivity in patients with Pokemon-related symptoms

  • Makoto Funatsuka, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Women’s Medical University; Tokyo, Japan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCommunications should be addressed to: Dr. Funatsuka; Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Women’s Medical University; 8-1 Kawada-cho; Shinjuku-ku; Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
    • ,
  • Michinari Fujita, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Women’s Medical University; Tokyo, Japan
    • ,
  • Seigo Shirakawa, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Women’s Medical University; Tokyo, Japan
    • ,
  • Hirokazu Oguni, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Women’s Medical University; Tokyo, Japan
    • ,
  • Makiko Osawa, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics; Tokyo Women’s Medical University; Tokyo, Japan

Received 22 January 2002 ,Accepted 11 June 2002.

References 

  1. The investigative team of Television Tokyo. Record on the incident related to the TV animation, Pocket Monster. Tokyo, 1998
  2. Harding GFA. TV can be bad for your health. Nat Med. 1998;4:265–267
  3. Funatsuka M, Fujita M, Shirakawa S, Oguni H, Osawa M. Study on photo-pattern sensitivity in patients with electronic screen game-induced seizure (ESGS) (Effects of spatial resolution, brightness, and pattern movement). Epilepsia. 2001;42:1185–1197
  4. The Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK). Guidelines for picture techniques involved with animation programs, etc and Partial translation of Guideline. Tokyo, 1998
  5. Takahashi T. Techniques of intermittent photic stimulation and paroxysmal responses. Am J EEG Technol. 1989;29:205–218
  6. Takahashi T, Tsukahara Y. Pocket monster incident and low luminance visual stimuli (Special reference to deep red flicker stimulation). Acta Paediatr Jpn. 1998;40:631–637
  7. Takahashi T, Nakasato N, Yokoyama H, Tsukahara Y. Low-luminance visual stimuli compared with stroboscopic IPS in eliciting PPR in photosensitive patients. Epilepsia. 1999;40(Suppl.4):44–49
  8. Waltz S, Christen HJ, Doose H. The different patterns of the photoparoxysmal response (A genetic study). Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol. 1992;83:138–145
  9. Funatsuka M, Fujita M, Ishii N, Osawa M, Fukuyama Y. A questionnaire survey of all hospitals in the Kanto distinct on health problems such as convulsions associated with watching the TV animation program“Pocket Monster”. J Jpn Pediatr Soc. 2000;104:437–446
  10. Enoki H, Akiyama T, Hattori J, Oka E. Photosensitive fits elicited by TV animation (An electroencephalographic study). Acta Paediatr Jpn. 1998;40:626–630
  11. Panayiotopoulos CP. Effectiveness of photic stimulation on various eye-states in photosensitive epilepsy. J Neurol Sci. 1974;23:165–173
  12. Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite DGA. Reflex seizures induced by intermittent light stimulation. In: Zifkin BG, Andermann F, Beaumanoir A, Rowan AJ, eds. Reflex epilepsies and reflex seizures. Advances in neurology, Volume 75. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1998:99-121
  13. Tanabe T, Suzuki S, Hara K, et al.  Evaluation of seizure types and photoparoxysmal responses in patients who suffered epileptic seizures while watching an animated TV program called Pocket Monsters. J Jpn Pediatr Soc. 1999;103:415–419
  14. Livingstone M, Hubel D. Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth (Anatomy, physiology, and perception). Science. 1988;240:740–749
  15. Tobimatsu S, Zhang YM, Tomoda Y, Mitsudome A, Kato M. Chromatic sensitive epilepsy (A variant of photosensitive epilepsy). Ann Neurol. 1999;45:790–793
  16. Wilkins AJ, Darby CE, Binnie CD. Neurophysiological aspects of pattern-sensitive epilepsy. Brain. 1979;102:1–25
  17. Binnie CD, Findlay J, Wilkins AJ. Mechanisms of epileptogenesis in photosensitive epilepsy implied by the effects of moving patterns. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol. 1985;61:1–6
  18. Binnie CD, Wilkins AJ. Visually induced seizures not caused by flicker (intermittent light stimulation). In:  Zifkin BG,  Andermann F,  Beaumanoir A,  Rowan AJ editor. Reflex epilepsies and reflex seizures. Advances in neurology, volume 75. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1998;p. 123–138

PII: S0887-8994(02)00463-0

doi: 10.1016/S0887-8994(02)00463-0

Pediatric Neurology
Volume 28, Issue 1 , Pages 28-36 , January 2003

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