Abstract
This study evaluated the prevalence of tic disorders. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases
were searched, using terms specific to Tourette syndrome and tic disorders, for studies
of incidence, prevalence, and epidemiology. Thirty-five studies reporting data from
1985-2011 on the incidence or prevalence of tic disorders in a defined population
were included. One reported incidence, and 34 reported prevalence. Meta-analysis of
13 studies of children yielded a prevalence of Tourette syndrome at 0.77% (95% confidence
interval, 0.39-1.51%). Prevalence is higher in boys: 1.06% of boys were affected (95%
confidence interval, 0.54-2.09%) vs 0.25% of girls (95% confidence interval, 0.05-1.20%).
Transient tic disorder comprised the most common tic disorder in children, affecting
2.99% (95% confidence interval, 1.60-5.61%). Meta-analysis of two studies assessing
adults for Tourette syndrome revealed a prevalence of 0.05% (95% confidence interval,
0.03-0.08%). The prevalence of tic disorders was higher in all studies performed in
special education populations. Tic disorders are more common in children than adults,
in boys than girls, and in special education populations. Parents, educators, healthcare
professionals, and administrators should be aware of the frequency with which tic
disorders occur, and ensure proper access to appropriate care.
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
May 9,
2012
Received:
March 23,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
