Abstract
Background
Adult survivors of childhood cancer have an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease;
little is known about early stroke risk in childhood cancer. Our objectives were to
assess stroke prevalence in children with cancer, to establish cancer and stroke type,
and to determine if modifiable risk factors for stroke were present.
Methods
Children with stroke and cancer were compared with all children seen for cancer at
a single institution between 2000 and 2009. An International Classification of Disease,
9th version, code search and search of existing pediatric oncology and stroke databases
identified children <18 years with ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and
cerebral sinovenous thrombosis.
Results
Of 1411 children with cancer, 15 had a stroke (1.1%, 95% CI: 0.6-1.7%). Stroke classifications
were seven intracerebral hemorrhages, five ischemic strokes (one of which was followed
by intracerebral hemorrhage), and three sinovenous thromboses. Stroke occurred at
a median of 5 months after cancer diagnosis. Ten children with strokes had hematologic
malignancies and five had brain tumors. Thirteen patients died poststroke, eight because
of withdrawal of care. White blood cell count ≥48,000/mm3 was found in four children, all with intracerebral hemorrhage. Five of seven children
with intracerebral hemorrhage had platelets <50,000/mm3.
Conclusions
Stroke has a prevalence of approximately 1% in children with cancer. Hemorrhagic stroke
and ischemic stroke occur with approximately equal frequency; children with leukemia
and brain tumors are at greatest risk.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 12, 2013
Accepted:
April 14,
2013
Received:
January 7,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- Stroke in Children With Cancer: The Tip of the Iceberg?Pediatric NeurologyVol. 50Issue 2
- PreviewWe read with great interest the article by Noje et al.1 in which they analyzed the incidence and characteristics of stroke in children with cancer. Among a population of 1411 children with cancer, during a 10-year period registry, 15 children had stroke, corresponding to an overall prevalence of 1%. A slightly increased prevalence of stroke in children with brain tumors was documented (1.3%). The occurrence of stroke in children with brain tumors is potentiated by cranial radiation therapy.2 We are currently following a cohort of 103 adult survivors of childhood primary central nervous system tumors in our neurooncology clinic.
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